Actual Problems of Psychology, Volume 1, Issue 49 – 2018
Abstracts and Information about Authors
UDC: 159.922:658.3
Gura, N.A.
Gura, Natalya Anatoliyivna, postgraduate student, University of Economics and Law ""KROK"", Founder and Head of the Center for Mental Genetics, Kyiv, Ukraine
Language: Ukrainian
The research paper contains a theoretical review of the problem of career interruption. This research paper aims at determining the phenomenological field of the problem of career interruption and outlining the perspective ways of its solution within the framework of organizational psychology. The role of experience in overcoming crises in determination of the further trajectory and pace of professional development of a person is determined. It is noted that during the career interruption it is necessary to understand meaningful events and decisions, which lead to a change of forward trajectory, a positive vector of a career path. The phenomenology of professional crises as the consistent stages of development, objective and subjective factors of their occurrence are described. An age crisis of the middle of life is considered as having a professional content. The substandard situational crises are singled out and analyzed, with the situation of forced unemployment being of particular importance. The information about the types of career interruptions that contribute to the psychological well-being of an individual is provided. It is stated that a successful career allows a person to realize his personal and professional potential, to achieve recognition of self-worth and significance for other people. An individual career path is expressed in the alternation of ups and downs of personal and professional development, may be nonlinear in nature and cover several spheres of life. It is summed up, within the framework of the range of problems, that the psychological and objective barriers that arise on the life path stimulate the development of new scenarios of a professional future based on professional mobility, condition the transition to new career trajectories. The intensity of the experience of professional crises is determined by the activity of an individual and the structure of his life world. Undesirable options for career development, their causes are outlined
Keywords: career, professional development, normative crises, life crises, career interruptions, professional stagnation
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Aktual_probl_psihol 2018, 2(49): 3-7 (pdf)
UDC: 316.647.5:005.32:373
Karamushka, L.M.
Karamushka, Liudmila Mykolaivna, corresponding member, NAES of Ukraine, Dr., Prof., Head, laboratory of organizational and social psychology, G.S.Kostiuk Institute of psychology of the NAES of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Language: Ukrainian
The article presents the training program ""Psychology of Organization-Level Social Tension in Educational Organizations"" developed by the author on the basis of her work experience as a psychologist and researcher"". The author discusses the aims, objectives and content of the training program and describes in detail its three training sessions (""Social tension as an interdisciplinary phenomenon and its manifestations in various social bodies"", ""Social tension in educational organizations and its meso- and micro-level manifestations"", ""Basic types of organization-level social tension in educational organizations""). Each training session includes three main components (informational, diagnostic and developing), which use special interactive techniques: small group work, intergroup discussions, workshops, business games, projects, etc. The training program is part of the teaching staff's social tension training technology aimed at developing their understanding of the psychological features and prevention of and factors behind various types of social tension in educational organizations
Keywords: educational organizations; social tension; educational organization social tension types; organization-level social tension; training program; training program structure; training sessions; interactive technology
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Aktual_probl_psihol 2018, 2(49): 8-14 (pdf)
UDC: 316.42:316.647.5
Karamushka, L.M., Tereshchenko, K.V.
Karamushka, Liudmila Mykolaivna, corresponding member, NAES of Ukraine, Dr., Prof., Head, laboratory of organizational and social psychology, G.S.Kostiuk Institute of psychology of the NAES of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Tereshchenko, Kira Volodymyrivna, PhD, senior researcher, Laboratory of organizational and social psychology, G.S. Kostiuk Institute of psychology, NAPS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Language: Ukrainian
The article deals with the relationship between the teaching staff's tolerance and the levels of social tension in educational institutions. The author presents the results of the empirical study into the levels of the main types of teaching staff's tolerance and the main types and index of social tension in educational institutions. High levels of social tension in educational institutions were found on such measures organizational social tension as society-related socio-economic work conditions, organizational and psychological work conditions and occupational health and work-life balance. The author discusses the relationship between the main types of teaching staff's tolerance and the types and index of social tension in educational institutions. The teaching staff's interpersonal and intergenerational tolerance was shown to negatively correlate with the majority of types and index of social tension in educational organizations. It was also found that some types of high significant social tension in educational organizations were associated with the teaching staff's high tolerance to political and economic problems and low tolerance to the problems of interpersonal, intergenerational, gender, intercultural, interconfessional, professional and managerial interactions
Keywords: tolerance, tolerance types, social tension, social tension index, types of social tension, teaching staff
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Aktual_probl_psihol 2018, 2(49): 14-22 (pdf)
UDC: 159.92:37015.3(045)
Kot, G.M.
Kot, Galina M., PhD, Assoc. Prof., Department.of Psychology, Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, Kyiv, Ukraine
Language: Ukrainian
The article deals with the leisure industry managers' personal potential and the gender factor in leisure industry managers' training. Development of students' readiness for the profession of leisure business managers requires the knowledge of personal determinants, personal potential and relevant components and structure of gender characteristics needed for making efficient leisure business managers. Current requirements for leisure business professionals, besides general professional training, require significant psychological training focused on practical problems of the industry. In addressing this problem, the author uses the term ""personal potential"", which is understood as the characteristic of an individual that exists in a non-materialized form as a coherent systemic effect of all the components of personality. Analysis of the results of the study allowed producing the recommendations on how to accelerate the development of students' psychological readiness for the profession of leisure industry manager: psychological training exercises should focus on the development of students' potential, made up of their abilities and skills, with regard to the students' gender. Taking advantage of the gender factor in students' personal potential development psychological training can contribute to the development of their psychological readiness for the profession of leisure industry manager
Keywords: personal potential, psychological training, gender characteristics, development of special psychological skills, professional readiness, leisure industry managers
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Aktual_probl_psihol 2018, 2(49): 22-29 (pdf)
UDC: 316.647.5:005.32:373
Kredentser, O.V.
Kredentser, Oksana Valeriivna, PhD, associate professor, leading researcher, Laboratory of organizational and social psychology, G.S. Kostiuk Institute of psychology of NAES of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Language: Ukrainian
The article deals with the training program ""Organizational and psychological factors in educational organization culture development in conditions of social tension"". The author discusses the content, structure, objectives, target recipients, organizational forms and basic interactive techniques of the training. The training is made up of the training sessions, the main components (introductory, diagnostic and developing) of each training topic and interactive techniques used to represent each of the components. The author gives a detailed description of the training program. The introductory part of the training program consists of three units: «Acquaintance», «The training program aim, objectives, structure and group work rules», «Introducing the problem: features of organizational culture and social tension in educational organizations». The main part of the training program consists of three modules, each of which consists of informative, assessing and developing components: Module 1. ""Educational organization managers' work-relevant socio-psychological factors in organizational culture development under social tension""; Module 2. ""Educational organization managers and staff interaction-relevant socio-psychological factors in organizational culture development under social tension""; Module 3. ""Educational organization staff-relevant socio-psychological factors in organizational culture development under social tension"". The final part of the training program includes 3 units: ""Generalization of acquired knowledge and skills"", ""Analysis of the training results"" and ""Leave-taking"
Keywords: psychological training, educational organization, educational organization staff, organizational culture development factors, social tension
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Aktual_probl_psihol 2018, 2(49): 29-33 (pdf)
UDC: 159.9.019/.07:373.5
Snigur, Yu.S.
Snigur, Yulia S., PhD student, Laboratory of organizational and social psychology, G.S. Kostiuk Institute of Psychology of the NAES of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Language: Ukrainian
The article presents a set of instruments, which can be helpful in studying organizational and psychological factors behind the secondary school principals' choice of stress-coping strategies. The set includes four groups of methods that allow assessing (a) the level of job stress experienced by secondary school principals, (b) the strategies used by secondary school principals to cope with stressful work situations, (c) organizational and psychological factors (meso-level) behind the secondary school principals' choice of stress-coping strategies, (d) organizational and psychological factors (micro level) behind the secondary school principals' choice of stress-coping strategies. The set of instruments makes it possible to determine the levels of job stress in secondary schools, to analyze the stress-coping strategies used by secondary school principals, and to study the meso- and micro-level organizational and psychological factors that influence the secondary school principals' choice of stress-coping strategies
Keywords: secondary schools, job stress, secondary school principals' stress-coping strategies, organizational and psychological factors behind the secondary school principals' choice of stress-coping strategies, methods for research of organizational and psychological factors behind the secondary school principals' choice of stress-coping strategies
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Aktual_probl_psihol 2018, 2(49): 33-38 (pdf)
UDC: 001.891.54:331.108:316.46
Cherkassky, А.V.
Cherkassky, Аndrii Volodymyrovych – PhD (history), Head, Psychological Support Center, Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Sociology, Philosophy and Law, Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies, Odessa, Ukraine
Language: Ukrainian
The article analyses the psychological models of management team leadership and the main theories of leadership, focusing on the models of leadership that are most responsive to teamwork. The author discusses the main principles of team leadership that allow developing a strong sense of social identification, self-esteem and solidarity among team members. The presence of a trusted team leader is a prerequisite for efficient management team. Constant changes in the internal and external organizational environment put forward new requirements for organizational management. Because of low effectiveness of traditional administrative methods, there is an urgent need for new management methods and techniques. Team leadership, whose potential remains underestimated, is a good source of new management methods. The use of team leadership to achieve organizational goals is an important problem, given the growing role of the person in management systems, especially in the small and medium businesses. Management psychology does not yet provide satisfactory answers to the questions: what is team leadership? How is it formed and how can it influence subordinates? Which components of leadership are conscious and which are not? Management psychology recognizes leadership as a necessary condition for business organizations to be competitive. Understanding the nature and mechanisms of team leadership will allow understanding also other organizational phenomena, which include, among others, staff motivation and revival of ‘dying’ organizations. The need to study team leadership is also prompted by the needs of future managers’ training and company managers’ professional and personal development as well as by the needs of management theory and practice
Keywords: leadership, management team, empowerment, group cohesion, social identification
1. Vudkok M. Raskreposhhennyj menedzher / M. Vudkok, D. Frjensis ; [per. s angl.]. – M. : Delo, 1991. – 320 c. 2. Karjakin A.M. Komandnaja rabota: osnovy teorii i praktiki / A.M. Karjakin. – Ivanovo, 2003. – 136 s. 3. Krichevskij R.L. Psihologija liderstva : uchebnoe posobie / R.L. Krichevskij. – M. : Statut, 2007. – 542 s. 4. Ladanov I.D. Prakticheskij menedzhment (psihotehniki upravlenija i sotrudnichestva) / I.D. Ladanov. – M. : Jelita, 1995. – 491 s. 5. Sidorenkov A.V. Social'naja psihologija malyh grupp / A.V. Sidorenkov. – Rostov n/D : Feniks, 2012. – 381 s. 6. Sinjagin Ju.V. Psihologicheskie mehanizmy formirovanija rukovoditelem upravlencheskoj komandy / Ju.V. Sinjagin. – M., 2001. – 250 s. 7. Hejz Niki. Uspeh – odin na vseh: Osnovnye aspekty jeffektivnogo rukovodstva komandoj / Niki Hejz. – [per. s angl.]. – Dnepr: Balans Biznes Buks, 2005. – 240 s. 8. Burns, J.M. Leadership / J.M. Burns. – New York : Harper & Row, 1978. 9. Katzenbach, J.R. The Wisdom of Teams: Creating the High-performance Organization / J.R. Katzenbach, D.K. Smith. – Harvard Business School Press, Boston, Mass., 1993. 10. Zaccaro, S. Team Leadership / S. Zaccaro, A. Rittman, M. Maks // The Leadership Quarterly. – 2001. – Vol. 12.
Aktual_probl_psihol 2018, 2(49): 38-43 (pdf)
UDC: 159.923:338.242.2:338.48
Berezovska, L.I.
Berezovska, Larisa Ivanivna, PhD, Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Psychology, Mukachiv State University, Mukachiv, Ukraine
Language: Ukrainian
The article presents the results of empirical research on the competitiveness of tourism students. The development of the tourism business is regulated at the legislative level through the Strategy for the Development of Tourism and Resorts for the period up to 2026. It was empirically found that tourism students were mainly motivated by personal and social factors. The very highly success motivated respondents were shown to be willing to take reasonable risks, rather than unreasonable risks. The tourism students with high success motivation had highly developed communicative and organizational skills, whereas the tourism students with average success motivation had below average and low levels of communicative and organizational abilities. The psychological characteristics of tourism students' competitiveness included high success motivation, readiness to take reasonable risks, sociability and organization. It is noted that in order to be competitive tourism specialists, the students should take different psychological courses and undergo social and psychological trainings. Future research may focus on the development of socio-psychological trainings for future tourism specialists in order to develop their motivation for success and communicative and organizational skills
Keywords: competitiveness, tourism specialists, success motivation, risk, communicative abilities, organizational abilities
1. Abramov V.M. Motyvatsiia i stymuliuvannia pratsi v umovakh perekhodu do rynku / V.M. Abramov, V.M. Daniuk, A.M. Kolot. – O. : OKFA, 1995. – 96 s. 2. Alieksieieva A.V. Profesiina konkurentozdatnist osobystosti: psykholohichnyi aspekt / A.V. Alieksieieva // Psykholohiia pratsi ta upravlinnia : zb. naukovykh prats VI Mizhnarodnoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii. – K., 2009. – Chast. 1. – S. 147–153. 3. Varii M.I. Psykholohiia osobystosti / V.I. Varii. – K. : TsUL, 2008. – 592 s. 4. Vavryk A. Profesionalizm ta konkurentozdatnist osobystosti: psykholoho-sotsialni aspekty / A. Vavryk // Demokratychne vriaduvannia. – 2013. – Vyp. 12 [Elektronnyi resurs]. – Rezhym dostupu : http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/DeVr_2013_12_10 5. Vesnin V.R. Menedzhment personala / V.R. Vesnin. – M. : Jelit 2000, 2003. – 304 s. 6. Halahan L.V. Psykholohichni aspekty konkurentnoho kharakteru pidpryiemnytskoi diialnosti / L.V. Halahan // Aktualni problemy psykholohii. T. 1: Orhanizatsiina psykholohiia. Sotsialna psykholohiia. Ekonomichna psykholohiia : zb. nauk. prats / za red. S.D. Maksymenka, L.M. Karamushky. – K. : A.S.K. 2012. – Ch. 33. – S. 129–139. 7. Karamushka L.M. Formuvannia konkurentozdatnoi upravlinskoi komandy (na materiali diialnosti osvitnikh orhanizatsii) : monohrafiia / L.M. Karamushka, O.A. Fil. – K.: Firma «INKOS», 2007. – 268 s. 8. Levin K. Teorija polja v social'nyh naukah / K. Levin. – SPb., 2000. – 365 s. 9. Pashukova T.I. Praktykum iz zahalnoi psykholohii / T.I. Pashukova, A.I. Dopira, H.V. Diakonov / za red. T. I. Pashukovoi. – [2-he vyd., ster.]. – K. : Znannia, KOO, 2006. – 203 s. 10. Pidhotovka konkurentospromozhnoi upravlinskoi humanitarno-tekhnichnoi elity : monohrafiia / O.H. Romanovskyi, O.S. Ponomarov, T.V. Hura ta in. / za zah. red. O.H. Romanovskoho ta O.S. Ponomarova. − X. : NTU «KhPI» ; Vydavets Savchuk O.O., 2014. − 324 s. 11. Rozporiadzhennia Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 16 bereznia 2017 r. № 168 r. «Pro skhvalennia Stratehii rozvytku turyzmu ta kurortiv na period do 2026 roku» [Elektronnyi resurs]. – Rezhym dostupu : https://www.kmu.gov.ua/ua/npas/249826501 12. Sotsiolohiia i psykholohiia [Tekst] : navch. posib. / za red. Yu.F. Pachkovskoho. – K. : Karavela, 2009. – S. 267. 13. Turystychni potoky [Elektronnyi resurs]. – Rezhym dostupu : http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/ 14. Fil O.V. Psykholohichni kharakterystyky konkurentozdatnosti bezrobitnykh-maibutnikh pidpryiemtsiv / O.V. Fil, L.V. Halahan // Visnyk pisliadyplomnoi osvity. – K., 2009. – Vyp. 13. – Ch. 2. – S. 313–320.
Aktual_probl_psihol 2018, 2(49): 44-49 (pdf)
UDC: 159.9:[005.953.2:334.726](043.3)
Ptukha, I.S.
Ptukha, Inna Stepanivna, PhD student, Dept. of Psychology, Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Kyiv, Ukraine
Language: Ukrainian
The article presents a theoretical analysis of the requirements for international trade organization managers' professionally important qualities and psychological work readiness. There are various scientific approaches to studying and interpreting the content, structure of and requirements for professionally important qualities and work readiness in many professions. Thus, L. Karamushka considers managers as agents and objects of organizations and treats the structure and content of individuals' psychological readiness for management as a system of their professionally important qualities, including knowledge, skills, abilities, motives and psychological attributes that make them efficient managers in a given profession. The author argues that when studying international company managers' work readiness, researchers should distinguish between the general professional qualities (common for all managers as representatives of the same profession) and the special qualities, which are peculiar to the managers of a certain activity in a certain country with its ethnic and cultural traditions. The author proves the possibility of application of her research algorithm to studying international trade organization managers' professionally important qualities and psychological readiness and isolating general and special professional requirements. The psychological analysis of managers' professionally important qualities and psychological work readiness can be helpful in selecting managers for international trade companies
Keywords: professionally important qualities, managers, international trade organizations, psychological readiness
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Aktual_probl_psihol 2018, 2(49): 50-54 (pdf)
UDC: 159.923
Stanishevskaya, Zh.Yu.
Stanishevskа, Zhanna, doctorate University of Opole, Poland
Language: Russian
Communication of spouses, which is included in the system of interpersonal communication and affects general family relations, is an important marital relationship factor. The search for ways to improve the quality of spousal communication is a promising area in psychology and psychotherapy. Emotional-stressful psychotherapy, which uses directed stress provocation, as eustress, aims at making individuals' responses more adaptive. To study how emotional-stressful psychotherapy affects spousal communication the author used the focus-group technique and the Plopa-Kazmierczak Spousal Communication questionnaire. The focus group, which discussed different aspects of spousal communication, showed a good understanding of the subject matter and the relevant terms and concepts. However, it was also revealed that the majority of the focus-group members had certain communicative problems. The Spousal Communication questionnaire results showed that the respondents used mainly the competent and dependent-competent communication styles. Almost 60% of the respondents were found to be highly competent on the 'support, sympathy and empathy' scale. The dependent-competent communication style was the most used one. Among the respondents, who used the dependent communication style, 45% had high scores on the 'response to fair criticism' scale and 36% on the 'response to conflict communication situations' component. Almost 30% of the respondents showed aggressive communication style on the 'response to conflict communicative situations' communication competence component. Most of the respondents used a competent communication style. Analysis of the respondents' answers to the questionnaire filled in after emotional-stressful psychotherapy showed considerable changes in the quality of spousal communication on the 'Support', 'Engagement' and 'Devaluation' communication competence components, which are important components of communication between spouses
Keywords: communication, interpersonal communication, marriage, family, couple, emotional-stressful psychotherapy
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Aktual_probl_psihol 2018, 2(49): 55-58 (pdf)
UDC: 159.923
Stanishevsky, M.
Staniszewski, Mirosław, doctorate, University of Opole, Poland
Language: Russians
This article deals with the occurrence of co-dependence or interpersonal dependence, the status of dependent families and the available therapy in Ukraine. This phenomenon of co-dependence is a common psychoemotional condition and disadaptive behavior. Interpersonal dependence results in social inhibition, anomie and extreme form of infantilism. Co-dependence is a negative factor that reduces the functionality of a person in the family and society. Co-dependent family members lose social ties and mental and physical health. The phenomenon of coexistence is often associated with the problem of alcohol and drug abuse as well as other dependent behaviors. At the same time, according to other theories, co-dependence is a specific psychological condition, which arises from defective family interactions and leads to family dysfunction. When assessing the occurrence of co-dependence, it is necessary to know the prevalence of different forms of dependence, because the presence in a close environment of a dependent individual interferes with family interaction, leads to its dysfunction and forms coexistence. Co-dependence is considered from three perspectives: the ocurrence of the phenomenon, its impact on the family and a brief analysis of the available prevention and therapy in Ukraine. The occurrence rate of co-dependence is measured by analyzing the relevant literature, in particular the statistical data of the accompanying phenomena, e.g., alcoholism, drug addiction and domestic violence. Analyses of the situations in co-dependent families and the available preventive and therapeutic measures are done using text interpretation, analogies and compares techniques
Keywords: emotional-stressful approach, interpersonal dependence, dependence, addiction, co-dependence, group psychotherapy
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Aktual_probl_psihol 2018, 2(49): 59-64 (pdf)
UDC: 159.95
Tkach, B.M.
Tkach, Bohdan Mykolaiovych, PhD in Psychology, Doctoral Candidate of I.O. Sinitsy Laboratory of Educational Psychology, G.S. Kostyuk Institute of Psychology of the NAES of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Language: Ukrainian
The article presents the results of an empirical study of EEG patterns depending on individuals’ neuro-personal characteristics while encountering/thinking of deviant attractors. Analyses of continued EEG monitoring found that the control group members were mostly left-brain dominant during the day with high brain activity, while the deviants were right-brain dominant during the day and when they anticipated or were in a deviant activity their left hemisphere was activated. It was proved that the shift of brain activity to the right hemisphere triggered deviant behavior. It was shown that during different periods of the day individuals responded differently to deviant attractors and, consequently, their motivation changed. In the morning the motivation was ataractic, in the afternoon (with the peak in the evening) the motivation was hedonistic and during the working hours (with the peaks before and after the lunch) the motivation was mostly affiliative. It was found that for people with orbitofrontal-prefrontal cortex malfunction the attractors included novelty, hedonistic motivation and search for euphoric stimulants. For people with dorsolateral-prefrontal cortex malfunction the attractor was submissive motivation. For people with anterior-cingulate cortex malfunction the attractor was the self-concept and environment stability preservation motivation. For people with ventromedial-prefrontal cortex malfunction the attractor was mercantile and egocentric motivation. It was shown that all deviant neuropsychological personality types were characterized by reduced critical thinking and the developed automated deviant actions. The author also clarified the role of every neuropsychological personal profile in activating or preventing deviant tendencies in the society
Keywords: deviant behavior, psychological assessment, continued EEG monitoring, motivation, brain malfunction, maladaptation
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Aktual_probl_psihol 2018, 2(49): 64-70 (pdf)
UDC:
Karamushka, L.M., Tereshchenko, K.V., Kredentser, O.V., Lagodzinska, V.I., Kovalchuk, O.S., Ivkin, V.М.
Language: Ukrainian
Keywords:
Aktual_probl_psihol 2018, 2(49): 70-78 (pdf)
UDC:
Karamushka, L.M., Tereshchenko, K.V., Kredentser, O.V., Lagodzinska, V.I., Kovalchuk, O.S., Ivkin, V.М.
Language: Ukrainian
Keywords:
Aktual_probl_psihol 2018, 2(49): 78-84 (pdf)