Actual Problems of Psychology, Volume 1, Issue 53 – 2019
Abstracts and Information about Authors
UDC: 316.647.5:373
Bryukhovetska, O. V.
Brukhovetska, Оlexandra Victorivna, PsyD, Prof., Dept. of Psychology and Personal Development Institute of Management and Psychology University of Educatin Management, Kyiv, Ukraine
Language: Ukrainian
The article emphasizes the importance of social tolerance of heads of institutions of general secondary education. Social tolerance manifests itself in non-violent, respectful and partnership interaction between the head and various social groups, when the interactors recognize the need for such cooperation and respect the principles of each other, which promotes the norms and traditions and contributes to harmonious relationships in the educational organization.
The author analyzes the levels of social tolerance of the heads of institutions of general secondary education, which was found to be mainly low. The organizational and psychological factors that influenced the respondents' social tolerance included on the region in which the educational institutions were situated (macro level), the type of educational institutions headed by respondents (meso level) and the respondents' managerial experience, gender and age (micro level). The empirical study conducted by the author found the relationships between the organizational and psychological factors and some characteristics of social tolerance of the heads of institutions of general secondary education.
It was emphasized that the development of social tolerance of heads of institutions of general secondary education was associated with their continuous personal self-improvement and professional and managerial development. The author stressed out the necessity of developing social tolerance of heads of institutions of general secondary education, which can be done during their university years and advanced training Keywords: heads of institutions of general secondary education, social tolerance, development of social tolerance
Aktual_probl_psihol 2019, 3(53): 3-8 (pdf)
UDC: 316.647.5:005.32
Zaika, I. V.
Zaika, Inna Viatcheslavivna, postgraduate student of Laboratory of Organizational And Social Psychology, G.S.Kostiuk Institute of psychology, NAPS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Language: Ukrainian
The author presents the results of theoretical research and analyzes the concepts of social frustration, situational and personal anxiety, and life satisfaction. Social tension is associated with instable social, economic and political processes in the country and greatly affects the psychological state of the individual, organization and society as a whole. Social frustration is understood as a kind of mental tension that results from the individual's dissatisfaction with their life, achievements and positions in the social hierarchy. Situational and personal anxiety is considered as a contradiction between a person's perception of a situation as threatening and the lack of means for avoiding or overcoming it. Life satisfaction is an individual's general idea of mental comfort, which includes an interest in life as the opposite of apathy, determination, purposefulness, consistency in achieving goals, consistency between set and actually achieved goals, a positive assessment of their own qualities and actions, and general mood. The factors that influence an individual's satisfaction with life include their health, economic status, family relationships, interpersonal contacts, and attitudes, etc. Keywords: social tension; personal tension; social frustration; situational anxiety; personal anxiety; life satisfaction
Aktual_probl_psihol 2019, 3(53): 9-15 (pdf)
UDC: УДК 352/354 – 057.34
Karamushka, L. M., Rutyna, Yu. V.
Karamushka, Liudmyla Mykolaivna, Corresponding Member of the NAES of Ukraine, Dr., Prof., Head, Lab. of Organizational and Social Psychology, Kostiuk Institute of Psychology of the NAES of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Rutyna,YuliaValeriivna, PhD student, Laboratory Organizational Psychology, G.S. Kostyuk Institute of Psychology of the NAPS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Language: Ukrainian
The authors analyze the results of their empirical research into the significance of professional and personal self-actualization for civil servants. The article discusses civil servants' understanding of professional self-actualization and the relevant types of civil servants determined using factor and cluster analyses. The civil servants of the prevailing type were characterized by their orientation towards their personal goals in self-actualization, while the civil servants of least common type had a harmonious combination of the orientations towards the goals of the organization and their own career.
The authors describe the types of civil servants in relation to the civil servants' perceived levels of significance of the conditions for their professional self-actualization (financial-and-family and personal-and-creative). The smallest group of civil servants was found to take into account both financial-and-family and personal-and-creative conditions in the process of their self-actualization. The authors assess the possibilities of civil service organizations for the promotion of civil servants' professional and personal self-actualization. Keywords: self-actualization; personal self-actualization; professional self-actualization; conditions for professional self-actualization; government officials; types of civil servants
Aktual_probl_psihol 2019, 3(53): 15-22 (pdf)
UDC: 159.9
Klochko, A. O.
Klochko, Alla Oleksiyivna, PhD, deputy director for scientific and educational work Bilotserkivskiy Institute of continuous professional education State Higher Educational Institution «University of Educational Management», Bila Tserkva, Ukraine.
Language: Ukrainian
The article presents the results of empirical research and discusses the types of educational organization managers (communicative-innovative, functional and problem) in relation to their traditional and innovative management styles skills. The author analyzes the relationship between the characteristics of the educational organization (its creative potential, the level of organizational development, and the level of staff's organizational commitment) and the types of educational organization managers as well as the relationship between the managers' organizational and professional characteristics (position, work experience, and rank) and types of educational organization managers. The obtained data can be used for promoting innovative management styles in educational organizations. Keywords: educational organizations; types of educational organization managers; managers-and-teaching-staff interaction; innovative management styles; characteristics of the organization; characteristics of managers
Aktual_probl_psihol 2019, 3(53): 22-28 (pdf)
UDC: 159.923.2
Pastukh, L. V.
Pastukh, Liudmyla Vasylivna, PhD, Senior Lecturer, Dept. of Management and Educational Technologies, Khmelnitsky Regional Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education, Khmelnitsky, Ukraine
Language: Ukrainian
The article analyzes the scientific approaches to understanding the essence, areas and functions of self-management. It is noted that the existing concepts of self-management are based on the ideas of time saving, personal self-development, overcoming personal limitations, personal business culture development and personal business success. To the author's mind, personal self-management has the following functions: 1) aim setting, 2) planning, 3) decision-making, 4) organization and implementation, 5) control, 6) information and communication.
In this context, the author emphasizes the role of targeting in the system of postgraduate education, taking into account the individual characteristics and interests of heads of educational institutions. The article also discusses the objectives of postgraduate education in managers' self-management training. Keywords: self-management, heads of educational institutions, essence of self-management, areas of self-management, functions of self-management, post-graduate education
Aktual_probl_psihol 2019, 3(53): 28-34 (pdf)
UDC: 658.114.25:336.74:159.9
Karamushka, L. M., Parshak, O. I.
Karamushka, Liudmyla Mykolaivna, Corresponding Member of the NAES of Ukraine, Dr., Prof., Head, Lab. of Organizational and Social Psychology, Kostiuk Institute of Psychology of the NAES of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Parshak, Olexander Ivanovych, scientific correspondent, Laboratory of organizational and social psychology, G. S. Kostiuk Institute of psychology of the NAES of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Language: Ukrainian
The authors present the results of their empirical research into commercial organization staff's perception of the factors that influence their attitudes towards money and analyze the relationship between these perceptions and the staff's social-demographic characteristics (age, marital status, children, and gender) and organizational-professional characteristics (level of education, overall length of work, length of work and position in the company).
It was found that commercial organization staff's social-demographic characteristics had a greater impact on of the staff's attitudes towards money than the staff's organizational-professional characteristics. The authors propose a number of measures to optimize commercial organization staff's attitudes towards money. Keywords: commercial organizations; commercial organization staff; commercial organization staff's perception of factors behind their attitudes to money; staff's social-demographic characteristics; staff's organizational-professional characteristics; measures to optimize commercial organization staff's attitudes towards money
Aktual_probl_psihol 2019, 3(53): 35-43 (pdf)
UDC: 316.6:33
Telegey, N. V.
Telegey, Natalia Volodymyrivna, assistant, Dept. of Philosophy and Social-Humanitarian Sciences, National Academy of Statistics, Accounting and Audit, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Language: Ukrainian
The article deals with the phenomenon of Internet advertising as a new type of advertising, which is gaining popularity and significance. Internet advertising, which focuses on each user, has become part of the information space and occupies a special niche in human life. Internet advertising has different forms including social networks, blogosphere, and target advertising. The author analyzes Internet advertising from the perspective of the interdisciplinary approach, which includes economics, marketing, sociology and psychology. The most serious research into online advertising was conducted by economists and marketers. The phenomenon of Internet advertising is an important research subject for psychologists. The article discusses the impact of Internet advertising on consumers as well as further theoretical and empirical research into internet advertising.
Internet advertising is studied by psychologists mainly in the context of social influence on consumers. The technologies for psychological influencing and targeting people's social roles allow reaching a new level of interaction with Internet users by means of effective dialogic advertising campaigns. Besides, the internet gives advertisers new possibilities for influencing the tastes and likes of potential consumers and grouping the consumers according to their psychological characteristics. Keywords: advertising, internet advertising, target advertising, self-promotion, communication processes, Internet marketing, social networks, blogosphere, psychological targeting
Aktual_probl_psihol 2019, 3(53): 44-49 (pdf)
UDC: 159.9.072
Vinkov, V. Yu.
Vinkov, Veniamin Yuriiovych, junior researcher, Laboratory of masses and communities, Institute of social and political psychology of the NAES of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Language: Ukrainian
According to the results of empirical investigation it is determined that the temporal dimensions of the representations about life success are connected with sensual-life orientations and the attitude of young people towards oneself. It is found that the perception of its past, present and future, full of success, and not failures, is associated with the high level of meaningfulness manifestation of one's own life. These young people are characterized as purposeful in achieving their goals. Their life seems interesting, emotionally full and sensually. The past for them is productive and meaningful. It is also found that these young people have a high level of self-esteem, self-sympathy, self-interest and the expected good attitude towards each other.
At the same time, the estimation of their past, present and future is full of failures, points to the opposite tendencies in meaningfulness of life and attitude towards oneself. It is typical for this youth to live in the present or in the past, inherent dissatisfaction with their life in the present and dissatisfaction with self-realization and lived part of life, disbelief in their own power to control the events of their lives, fatalism, belief in the fact that life is not under their control, freedom of choice is illusory and makes no sense to do something for the future. Keywords: image, social representations, life success, self-attitude, life-meaningful orientations, youth
Aktual_probl_psihol 2019, 3(53): 50-56 (pdf)
UDC: 159.9:364
Havrylovska, K. P., Lytvak, O. Yo.
Havrylovska, Kseniya Petrivna, Ph.D. in Psychology, Associate Professor of Theoretical and Applied Psychology department Zhytomyr State University named after Ivan Franko, Zhytomyr, Ukraine.
Lytvak, Oksana Yosypivna, master’s student, Zhytomyr State University named after Ivan Franko, Zhytomyr, Ukraine.
Language: Ukrainian
The choice of the future profession is personally and socially determinated and includes future specialist`s expectations for the chosen field of activity. Sometimes ill-founded and unreasoned choice of the profession, the distortion of its motivational component lead to difficulties in professional adaptation. The article presents the results of an empirical study of the features of the motivational sphere of students whose professional activity is related to the provision of assistance. The results of the study indicate that the dominant value orientations in a career for students of helper specialties are “service the good”, «autonomy» and «integration of life styles». It turned out that students tend to be independent in their professional activities, to set the tasks by themselves and organize the work according to their needs. They have a desire to benefit others, help in solving life difficulties. They aim to organize their personal and professional life harmoniously, so that one sphere does not interfere with the other, but promote and support the implementation of intentions and satisfying their requirements. The results of the study show that the majority of study participants have adequate or high self-esteem. As a result of the correlation analysis, it was established that there is a connection between the level of self-assessment and certain career orientations. Future helpers with increasing level of self-esteem are able to manifest such personal qualities as “extraversion”, “attachment” and “emotional stability” more clearly. These qualities in general can contribute to a more harmonious self-realization in the chosen profession. Keywords: motivational sphere, students of helper specialties, self-esteem, value orientations in a career
Aktual_probl_psihol 2019, 3(53): 57-61 (pdf)
UDC: 159.923:0057.87
Dmitriyuk, N. S., Kordunova, N. O., Milinchuk, V. I.
Dmitriyuk, Natalia Stepanivna, PhD, Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Educational and Developmental Psychology, Lesia Ukrainka East Ukrainian National University, Lutsk, Ukraine.
Kordunova, Natalia Olexandrivna, PhD, Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Educational and Developmental Psychology, Lesia Ukrainka East Ukrainian National University, Lutsk, Ukraine.
Milinchuk, Volodymyr Ihorovych, PhD, Senior Lecturer, Dept. of Educational and Developmental Psychology, Lesia Ukrainka East Ukrainian National University, Lutsk, Ukraine.
Language: Ukrainian
The article deals with the phenomenon of academic procrastination as an individual's deliberate postponement of planned actions despite possible negative consequences as an emotional reaction to the planned or necessary activities.
The authors consider academic procrastination as a psychological and educational problem, analyze different levels of academic procrastination among students and show that the educational process itself creates conditions that most commonly favor procrastination. The consequences of academic procrastination, which influence the quality of student's academic performance and life, can worsen studentsʼ performance and increase anxiety. The article also discusses the results of the study into the organization of studentsʼ educational activities and their relationship with procrastination as well as students personal characteristics that are associated with different levels of procrastination.
The authors propose measures to reduce studentsʼ academic procrastination which include teaching staffs guidance of students taking into account their individual characteristics, a system of incentives, promotion of academic connections and mutual assistance among students, use of effective teaching methods and techniques, and students use of effective task planning and carrying out. Keywords: procrastination, academic procrastination, student environment, level of procrastination
Filonchuk, Zoya V. , PhD, Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Theory and Practice of Teaching, Kherson Academy of Continuing Education, Kherson, Ukraine
Aktual_probl_psihol 2019, 3(53): 62-67 (pdf)
UDC: 159.9:316.6
Klychkovsky, S. O.
b>Klychkovsky, Serhiy Olexiiovych, PhD student, Dept. of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine.
Language: Ukrainian
The article discusses the results of testing a program of development of interpersonal interaction skills in the context of improving the socio-psychological climate in the group. The article describes a general program of improvement of socio-psychological climate at the industrial enterprise and analyzes in detail the second level of this program which focused on a group work using training technologies to address psychological problems that might exist in the group. The training program significantly improved the group's psychological atmosphere, group members' motivation for success, collectivism, cohesion, openness, self-confidence, tolerance, kindness, sensitivity, desire to preserve the integrity of the group, and decreased the group members' covert cruelty, open brutality, negativism, rumbling, and fear of being rejected. The obtained findings testify to the positive dynamics in the development of interpersonal interactions of group members and the improvement of socio-psychological climate in the group as a whole. Keywords: interpersonal interaction, socio-psychological climate, training, group, positive influence, development
Aktual_probl_psihol 2019, 3(53): 68-74 (pdf)
UDC: 159.922.8:159.923.2
Kostina, T. О.
Kostina, Tetiana Olexandrivna, PhD, Associate Professor at the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy, V.I. Vernadsky Taurida National University. Kyiv, Ukraine.
Language: Ukrainian
The article deals with a gender component of a personal life script. The author discusses different classifications of life-scripts from the perspective of transactional analysis, which was introduced by Erik Berne and his associates, Claude Steiner being one of them, as well as analyzes the conditions for the development of female life scripts based on the studies by H. Wikoff. The article considers social, cultural, and historical factors behind gender stereotypes that contribute to the development of life scripts, as well as the impact of social expectations on the formation of gendered life script. The author discusses classical female life scripts which include «Mother Hubbard», «Artificial Woman», «Woman Behind Man», «I am a Loser», «Unattractive Beauty», «Nurse», «Fat Woman», «Teacher», «Demonic Woman», «Strong Woman», «Queen Bee». Keywords: gender, gender stereotypes, life script, female life script, transactional analysis
Aktual_probl_psihol 2019, 3(53): 74-80 (pdf)
UDC: 159.9
Muranenko, K. Yu.
Muranenko, Kateryna Yuriivna, Lecturer of Legal Psychology Department, National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kyiv, Ukraine
Language: Ukrainian
The article analyzes the current system of prevention of law offenses among minors and provides recommendations for its improvement. It is determined that the existing system is not effective, since it is not integrating, does not carry out a comprehensive preventive activity, and does not meet the requirements of the society. Law offenses prevention activities are affected, among others, by organizational and legal factors. The author claims that the juvenile delinquency prevention system should be aimed primarily at preventing law offenses and eliminating the causes of crime, which requires cooperation among all actors of the prevention. The author notes the impossibility of an exhaustive list of the preventive activity actors, since prevention should be carried out by all authorities and institutions as an additional activity. Preventive measures should be in line with the current state of crime, the needs of society and national family, children and youth policies. The juvenile delinquency prevention system must be proactive and restorative and be based on children's psychological characteristics, respect their rights and interests, as well as comply with general social values. Keywords: juvenile delinquency, prevention system, preventive activity actors, prevention
Aktual_probl_psihol 2019, 3(53): 81-85 (pdf)
UDC: 159.9.072
Palahnyuk, О. V.
Palahnyuk, Olha Vasylivna, Assistant Prof., Dept. of pedagogy and psychology of preschool education, Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine.
Language: Ukrainian
A social crisis activates the value of personal self-preservation thus pushing out the spiritual values, which are the highest-level values, to the periphery of mass consciousness. The key issue in developing social responsibility of the individual and therefore overcoming the crisis is finding an algorithm and the mechanisms of internal ""rebirth"" of the individual, which is also a way to personal maturity. A number of researchers argue that the only way out of the crisis in Ukraine lies through the spiritual (religious) revival of Ukrainians. From the perspective of the psychology of religion, Christian values are the basis of individuals' spiritual growth and the natural laws that guide a personal life. The results of the theoretical and empirical research conducted by the author showed that a considerable number of university students were experiencing a life crisis, the essential characteristics of which were instrumental in finding the ways to develop personal social responsibility. This was done through the development and application of a training program aimed at harmonizing the traineesʼ socio-psychological, mental and spiritual development. It is noteworthy that the social responsibility development training was based on Christian values and used special methods and work forms. The analysis of the pre- and post-training data found qualitative and quantitative changes in 9 out of 11 generalized indicators, which suggested the training's effectiveness and proved a positive impact of religion on the development of personal social responsibility as a leading social life self-organization factor. Keywords: identity crisis, social responsibility of the person, Christian values, socio-psychological training, spiritual crisis, social dependence, world outlook
Aktual_probl_psihol 2019, 3(53): 86-92 (pdf)
UDC:
Karamushka, L. M., Kredentser, O. V., Tereshchenko, K. V., Lagodzinska, V. I., Kovalchuk, O. S., Ivkin, V. М.
Language: Ukrainian
Keywords:
Aktual_probl_psihol 2019, 3(53): 93-96 (pdf)